The history of Britain is a rich tapestry of social, political, economic and military events. From the earliest settlers of the British Isles, Britain’s history has been shaped by both its isolation from and proximity to mainland Europe. British history is also intertwined with that of many other societies and cultures, from the Romans, Saxons, Vikings and Normans through to the more recent connections created by trade, empire and political unions.
British History
Kings and Queens of England
Explore the monarchy and the dynasties that shaped England’s political history.
Roman Britain
Roman rule transformed Britain’s towns, infrastructure, government and material culture. Roman Silchester provides a detailed example of an important Roman town.
Saxons and Vikings
The Anglo-Saxon kingdoms emerged after the end of Roman rule, while Viking raids, settlement and conquest reshaped political power across Britain. The Vikings source material explores evidence for the period.
The Norman Conquest
The conquest of 1066 transformed England’s ruling elite, landholding and government, establishing a new dynasty under William the Conqueror.
Medieval Britain
Medieval Britain experienced major changes in government, society, religion and warfare. Explore the development and purpose of castles and the devastating impact of the Black Death.
The Hundred Years War
The Hundred Years War shaped relations between England and France through dynastic claims, military campaigns and political change. Explore the Hundred Years War content on Schoolshistory and the specialist Hundred Years War website.
The Wars of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses involved dynastic rivalry, contested royal authority and shifting political allegiances during the fifteenth century. Explore the Wars of the Roses content on Schoolshistory and the specialist Wars of the Roses website.
The Tudors
The Tudor dynasty ruled England from 1485 to 1603. Its reigns saw changes to royal government and religion, including the break with Rome and the Dissolution of the Monasteries.
The Elizabethan Era
Elizabeth I’s reign brought religious settlement, political challenges, overseas expansion and conflict with Spain. Explore the Elizabethan Settlement and the Spanish Armada.
The Civil War and Restoration
Conflict between Crown and Parliament led to civil war, the execution of Charles I and the establishment of republican government. The monarchy was restored in 1660, but tensions over royal authority and Parliament continued.
The Industrial Revolution
Industrialisation transformed Britain’s economy and society, changing patterns of production, work and urban life.
The British Empire
The expansion of British power overseas shaped trade, migration, warfare and political relationships across the world, leaving legacies that continued long after decolonisation.
Modern Britain
Political reform, social change and the expansion of democracy reshaped Britain in the modern era.
Britain and the World Wars
The two world wars transformed British society, the economy and the country’s international position.