{"id":6077,"date":"2019-08-10T15:06:52","date_gmt":"2019-08-10T15:06:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/?page_id=6077"},"modified":"2026-06-25T10:42:24","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T10:42:24","slug":"the-annales-cambriae-annals-of-wales","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/primary-history\/celts\/the-annales-cambriae-annals-of-wales\/","title":{"rendered":"The Annales Cambriae – Annals of Wales"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Annals of Wales (Annales Cambriae) is a chronology of Welsh History. It covers the years 447AD to 970AD. The Annals of Wales can be found in four extant manuscripts. The earliest of these is Harleian MS 3859. The Annals of Wales were written retrospectively. They contain some errors with regards dates. What makes them so interesting to historians is that they reference King Arthur twice. This has led to some historians using the Annals of Wales as a Historical Record from which they can start to research Arthurian history. The text is a 12th century copy of the original which has been lost.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Annales Cambriae – Annals of Wales<\/h2>\n

The table below is sourced from:\u00a0Ingram, James, translator.\u00a0The Annales Cambriae<\/i>. London: Everyman Press, 1912<\/span><\/p>\n

The first column is the year. The second column is the translation. The third column is the original text.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Annals<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
447<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021 Days as dark as night.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Dies tenebrosa sicut nox.\u2020<\/sup>
\nan. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
453<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nEaster altered on the Lord’s Day by Pope Leo, Bishop of Rome.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Pasca commutatur super diem dominicum cum papa Leone episcopo Romae.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
454<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nSt. Brigid is born.<\/span><\/td>\nan.X Brigida sancta nascitur.
\nan. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
457<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nSt. Patrick goes to the Lord.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Sanctus Patricus ad Dominium migrator.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an. an.XX an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
458<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nSt. David is born in the thirtieth year after Patrick left Menevia.<\/span><\/td>\nan. S. Dewi nascitur anno tricesimo discessum Patricii de Menevia.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
468<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe death of Bishop Benignus.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Quies Benigni episcopi.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an.XXX an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.XL an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.L an. an. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
501<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nBishop Ebur rests in Christ, he was 350 years old.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Episcopus Ebur pausat in Christo anno CCCL aetatis suae.
\nan. an. an.LX an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.LXX an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
516<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe Battle of Badon, in which Arthur carried the Cross of our Lord Jesus Christ for three days and three nights on his shoulders and the Britons were the victors.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Bellum Badonis, in quo Arthur portavit crucem Domini nostri Jhesu Christi tribus diebus et tribus noctibus in humeros suos et Brittones victores fuerunt.
\nan. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
521<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nSt. Columba is born. The death of St. Brigid.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Sanctus Columcille nascitur.
\nQuies sanctae Brigidae.
\nan. an. an.LXXX an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.XC an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
537<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Camlann, in which Arthur and Medraut fell: and there was plague in Britain and Ireland.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Gueith camlann in qua Arthur et Medraut corruerunt, et mortalitas in Brittannia et in Hibernia fuit.
\nan. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
544<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe sleep [death] of Ciaran.<\/span><\/td>\nan. C Dormitatio Ciarani.
\nan. an<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
547<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe great death [plague] in which Maelgwn, king of Gwynedd died. \u2021Thus they say ‘The long sleep of Maelgwn in the court of Rhos’. Then was the yellow plague.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Mortalitas magna in qua pausat Mailcun rex Genedotae.\u2020<\/sup>Unde dicitur, “Hir hun Wailgun en llis Ros”. Tunc fuit wallwelen.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>
\nan. an. an. an. an. an. an.CX an. an. an<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
558<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe death of Gabr\ufffdn, son of Dungart.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Gabran filius Dungart moritur.
\nan. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
562<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nColumba went to Britain.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Columcille in Brittannia exiit.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
565<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021The voyage of Gildas to Ireland.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Navigatio Gildae in Hybernia.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
569<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021The ‘Synod of Victory’ was held between the Britons.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Synodus Victoriae apud Brittones congragatur\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
570<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nGildas \u2021wisest of Britons\u2021 died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Gildas\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Britonus sapientissmus\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0obiit.
\nan. an<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
573<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Arfderydd \u2021between the sons of Eliffer and Gwenddolau son of Ceidio; in which battle Gwenddolau fell; Merlin went mad.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Bellum Armterid\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>inter filios Elifer et Guendoleu filium Keidiau; in quo bello Guendoleu cecidit; Merlinus insanus effectus est.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
574<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe sleep [death] of Brendan of Birr.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CXXX Brendan Byror dormitatio.
\nan. an. an. an. an<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
580<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nGwrgi and Peredur \u2021sons of Elifert\u2021 died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Guurci et Peretur [filii Elifer] moritur.
\nan. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
584<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nBattle against the Isle of Man and the burial of Daniel of the Bangors.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CXL Bellum contra Euboniam et depositio Danielis Bancorum.
\nan. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
589<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe conversion of Constantine [king of Britain] to the Lord.<\/span><\/td>\nConversio Constantini ad Dominum.
\nan. an. an. an. an.CL<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
594<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Aethelbert reigned in England.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Edilbertus in Anglia rexit.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
595<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe death of Columba.
\n– The death of king Dunod \u2021son of Pabo.\u2021
\n– Augustine and Mellitus converted the English to Christ.<\/span><\/td>\n		an. Columcille moritur.
\nDunaut [filius Pabo] rex moritur.
\nAugustinus Mellitus Anglos ad Christum convertit.
\nan. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
601<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe synod of Urbs Legionis [Chester].
\nGregory died in Christ and also bishop David of Moni Iudeorum.<\/span><\/td>\n		an. Sinodus Urbis Legion.
\nDavid episcopus Moni Judaeorum.
\nan. an. an.CLX an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
606<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe burial of bishop Cynog.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Depositio Cinauc episcopi.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
607<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe death of Aidan son of Gabr\ufffdn<\/span><\/td>\nan. Aidan map Gabran moritur.
\nan. an. an. an. an<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
612<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe death of Kentigern and bishop Dyfrig.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Conthigirni obitus et Dibric episcopi<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
613<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Caer Legion [Chester]. And there died Selyf son of Cynan. And Iago son of Beli slept [died].<\/span><\/td>\nan. Gueith Cair Legion, et ibi cecidit Selim filii Cinan.
\nEt Jacob filii Beli dormitatio.
\nan.CLXX an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
616<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCeredig died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Ceretic obiit.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
617<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nEdwin begins his reign.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Etguin incipit regnare.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
624<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe sun is covered [eclipsed].<\/span><\/td>\nan. CLXXX Sol obscuratus est.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
626<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nEdwin is baptized, and Rhun son of Urien baptized him.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Etguin baptizatus est, et Run filius Urbgen baptizavit eum.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
627<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nBelin dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Belin moritur.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
629<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe beseiging of king Cadwallon in the island of Glannauc.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Obsessio Catguollaun regis in insula Glannauc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
630<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nGwyddgar comes and does not return. On the Kalends of January the battle of Meigen; and there Edwin was killed with his two sons; but Cadwallon was the victor.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Guidgar venit et non redit.
\nKalendis januariis Gueith Meicen; et ibi interfectus est Etguin cum duobus filiis; Catguollaun autem victor fuit.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
631<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Cantscaul in which Cadwallon fell.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Bellum Cantscaul in quo Catguollaun corruit.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
632<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe slaughter of the [river] Severn and the death of Idris.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Strages Sabrinae et jugulatio Iudris.
\nan. an.CXC an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
644<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Cogfry in which Oswald king of the Northmen and Eawa king of the Mercians fell.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CC Bellum Cocboy in quo Oswald rex Nordorum et Eoba rex Merciorum corruerunt.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
645<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe hammering of the region of Dyfed, when the monastery of David was burnt.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Percussio Demeticae regionis, quando coenobium David incensum est.
\nan. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
649<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Slaughter in Gwent.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Guentis strages.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
650<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe rising of a star.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Ortus stellae.
\nan. an. an.CCX an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
656<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe slaughter of Campus Gaius.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Strages Gaii campi.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
657<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nPenda killed.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Pantha occisio.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
658<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nOswy came and took plunder.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Osguid venit et praedam duxit.
\nan. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
661<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCummine the tall died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Commene fota.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
662<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nBrocmail \u2021the tusked \u2021 dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Brocmail\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Escithrauc\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0moritur.
\nan. CCXX<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
665<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe first celebration of Easter among the Saxons.
\nThe second battle of Badon.
\nMorgan dies.<\/span><\/td>\n		an. Primum Pasca apud Saxones celebratur.
\nBellum Badonis secundo.
\nMorcant moritur.
\nan. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
669<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nOswy, king of the Saxons, dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Osguid rex Saxonum moritur.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an.CCXXX an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
676<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nA star of marvelous brightness was seen shining throughout the whole world.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Stella mirae magnitudinis visa est per totum mundum lucens.
\nan. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
682<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nA great plague in Britain, in which Cadwaladr son of Cadwallon dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Mortalitas magna fuit in Brittania, in qua Catgualart filius Catguolaun obiit.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
683<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nA plague \u2021was\u2021 in Ireland.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Mortalitas\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>fuit\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0in Hibernia.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
684<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nA great earthquake in the Isle of Man.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CCXL Terrae motus in Eubonia factus est magnus.
\nan. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
689<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe rain turned to blood in Britain, and \u2021in Ireland\u2021 milk and butter turned to blood.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Pluvia sanguinea facta est in Brittannia, et\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>in Hybernia\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0lac et butirum versa sunt in sanguinem.
\nan. an. an. an. an.CCL an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
704<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nAldfrith king of the Saxons died. The sleep of Adomn\ufffdn.<\/span><\/td>\nan.CCLX Alchfrit rex Saxonum obiit.
\nDormiatio Adomnan.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
714<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nNight was as bright as day. Pepin the elder [actually Pepin II, of Heristal], king of the Franks, died in Christ.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CCLXX Nox lucida fuit sicut dies.
\nPipinus major, rex Francorum, obiit in Christo.
\nan. an<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
717<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nOsred king of the Saxons dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Osbrit rex Saxonum moritur<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
718<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe consecration of the church of the archangel Michael \u2021on mount Gargano.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Consecratio Michaelis archangeli\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>in monte Gargano\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0ecclesiae.
\nan. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
721<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nA hot summer.<\/span><\/td>\nAestas torrida.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
722<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nBeli son of Elffin dies. And the battle of Hehil among the Cornish, the battle of Garth Maelog, the battle of Pencon among the south Britons, and the Britons were the victors in those three battles.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Beli filius Elfin moritur. Et bellum Hehil apud Cornuenses, Gueith Gartmailauc, Cat Pencon, apud dexterales Brittones, et Brittones victores fuerunt in istis tribus bellis.
\nan. an.CCLXXX an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
728<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of mount Carno.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Bellum montis Carno.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an. an.CCXC<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
735<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nBede the priest sleeps.<\/span><\/td>\nBeda presbiter dormit.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
736<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nOengus king of the Picts died.<\/span><\/td>\nOugen rex Pictorum obiit.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.CCC an. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
750<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nBattle between the Picts and the Britons, that is the battle of Mocetauc. And their king Talorgan is killed by the Britions.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Bellum inter Pictos et Brittones, id est Gueith Mocetauc. Et rex eorum Talgarn a Brittonibus occiditur.
\nTeudubr filius Beli moritur.
\nan. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
754<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nRhodri king of the Britons dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CCX Rotri, rex Brittonum, moritur.
\nan. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
757<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nEthelbald king of the Saxons dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Ethwald rex Saxonum moritur.
\nan. an<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
760<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nA battle between the Britons and the Saxons, that is the battle of Hereford and Dyfnwal son of Tewdwr dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Bellum inter Brittones et Saxones, id est Gueith Hirford et Dunnagual filius Teudubr moritur.
\nan. an. an. an.CCCXX an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
768<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nEaster is changed among the Britons \u2021on the Lord’s day \u2021, Elfoddw, servant of God, emending it.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Pasca commutatur apud Brittones\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>super dominicam diem\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0emmendante Elbodugo homine Dei.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an.CCCXXX<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
775<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nFfernfael son of Ithael dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Fernmail filius Judhail moitur<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
776<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCinaed king of the Picts dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Cenioyd rex Pictorum obiit.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
777<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nAbbot Cuthbert dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Cudberth abbas moritur.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
778<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe devastation of the South Britons by Offa.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Vastatio Brittonum dexteralium apud Offa.
\nan. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
784<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe devastation of Britain by Offa in the summer.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CCCXL Vastatio Brittonum cum Offa in aestate.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.CCCL<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
796<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Devastation by Rheinwg son of Offa \u2021 The first coming of the gentiles [Norsemen] among the southern Irish.<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Vastatio Reinuch ab Offa\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0Primus adventus gentilium apud dexterales ad Hiberniam.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
797<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nOffa king of the Mercians and Maredudd king of the Demetians die, and the battle of Rhuddlan.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Offa rex Merciorum et Morgetiud rex Demetorum morte moriuntur, et bellum Rudglann.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
798<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCaradog king of Gwynedd is killed by the Saxons.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Caratauc rex Guenedotae apud Saxones jugulatur.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an.CCCLX an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
807<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nArthen king of Ceredigion dies. \u2021Solar eclipse\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Arthgen rex Cereticjaun moritur.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Eclipsis solis.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
808<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nRhain king of the Demetians and Cadell \u2021king\u2021 of Powys die.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Regin rex Demetorum et Catell\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>rex\u2020<\/sup>Povis moriuntur.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
809<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nElfoddw archbishop in the Gwynedd region went to the Lord.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Elbodug archiepiscopus Guenedotae regione migravit ad Dominum.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
810<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021The moon covered \u2021. Mynyw burnt. \u2021Death of cattle in Britain.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Luna obscuratur.\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0Combustio Miniu.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Mortalitas pecorum in Brittannia.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
811<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nOwain son of Maredudd dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Eugein filius Margetiud moritur.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
812<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe fortress of Degannwy is struck by lightning and burnt.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Decantorum arx ictu fulminis comburit.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
813<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nBattle between Hywel \u2021and Cynan. Hywel\u2021 was the victor.<\/span><\/td>\nan.Bellum inter Higuel\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>et Kinan. Howel\u2020<\/sup>victor fuit<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
814<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThere was great thunder and it caused many fires. Tryffin son of Rhain died. And Gruffydd son of Cyngen is killed by treachery by his brother Elisedd after an interval of two months. Hywel triumphed over the island of Mona and he drove Cynan from there with a great loss of his own army.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CCCLXX Tonitruum magnum fuit et incendia multa fecit.
\nTrifun filius Regin moritur.
\nEt Griphuid filius Cincen dolosa dispensatione a fratre suo Elized post intervallum duorum mensium interficitur.
\nHiguel de Monia insula triumphavit et Cinan de ea expulit cum contritione magna exercitus sui.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
816<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nHywel was again expelled from Mona \u2021by Cynan. \u2021 .
\nCynan the king dies.
\n\u2021Saxons invaded the mountains of Eryri and the kingdom of Rhufoniog\u2021.<\/span><\/td>\n		an. Higuel de Monia expulsus est\u00a0\u2020\u2020<\/sup>a Kenan.\u2020\u2020
\n<\/sup>Cinan rex moritur.
\n\u2020<\/sup>Saxones montes Ereri et regum Roweynauc invaserunt\u2020<\/sup>.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
817<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Llan-faes.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Gueith Lannmaes.
\nan. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
818<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Cenwulf devastated the Dyfed region.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Ceniul regiones Demetorum vastavit.\u2020<\/sup><\/span>\u2021<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
822<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe fortress of Degannwy is destroyed by the Saxons and they took the kingdom of Powys into their own control.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Arecem Deccantorum a Saxonibus destruitur et regionem Poyis in sua potestate traxerunt.
\nan. an. CCCLXXX<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
825<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nHywel dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan Higuel moritur.
\nan. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
831<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Lunar eclipse.\u2021 Laudent died and Sadyrnfyw Hael of Mynyw died.<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Eclipsis lunae.\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0Laudent moritur et Saturnbiu Hail Miniu moritur.
\nan. an. an.CCCXC an. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
840<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nNobis the bishop ruled Mynyw.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Nobis episcopus in Miniu regnavit.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
842<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nIdwallon dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Iudguollaun moritur.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
844<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nMerfyn dies. The battle of Cetill.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CCCC Mermin moritur. Gueith Cetill.
\nan. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
848<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Ffinnant. Ithael king of Gwent was killed by the men of Brycheiniog.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Gueit Finnant. Judhail rex Guent a viris Broceniauc occisus est.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
849<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nMeurig was killed by Saxons.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Mouric occisus est a Saxonibus.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
850<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCynin is killed by the gentiles.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Cinnen a gentilibus jugulatur.
\nan. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
853<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nMona laid waste by black gentiles.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Mon\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>est\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0vastata a gentilibus nigris.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
854<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCynin king of Powys dies in Rome.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CCCCX Cinnen rex Povis in Roma obiit.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
856<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nKenneth king of the Picts died. And Jonathan prince of Abergele dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Cenioyth rex Pictorum moritur. Et Jonathan princeps Opergelei moritur.
\nan. an. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
860<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCatgueithen was expelled.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Catgueithen expulsus est.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
864<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nDuda laid Glywysing waste.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CCCCXX Duta vastavit Gliuisigng.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
865<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCian of Nanhyfer died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Cian Nant Nimer obiit.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
866<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe city of York was laid waste, that is the battle with the black gentiles.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Urbs Ebrauc vastata est, id est Cat Dub Gint.
\nan. an<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
869<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Bryn Onnen.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Cat Brin Onnen.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
870<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe fortress of Alt Clud was broken by the gentiles.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Arx Alt Clut a gentilibus fracta est.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
871<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nGwgon king of Ceredigion was drowned.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Guoccaun mersus est, rex Cereticiaum.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
873<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nNobis \u2021the bishop\u2021 and Meurig die. The battle of Bannguolou.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Nobis\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>episcopus\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0et Mouric moriuntur. Gueith Bannguolou.
\nan. CCCCXX<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
874<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Llunferth the bishop consecrated.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Llunwerth episcopus consecratur.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
875<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nDungarth king of Cernyw \u2021that is of the Cornish\u2021 was drowned.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Dungarth rex Cerniu,\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>id est Cornubiae,\u2020<\/sup>mersus est.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
876<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Sunday in Mona.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Gueith Diu Sul in Mon.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
877<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nRhodri and his son Gwriad is killed by the Saxons.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Rotri et filius ejus Guriat a Saxoonibus jugulatur.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
878<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nAed son of Neill dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Aed map Neill moritur.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
880<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Conwy. Vengeance for Rhodri at God’s hand. \u2021The battle of Cynan.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Gueit Conguoy. Digal Rotri a Deo.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Gueit Conani.\u2020<\/sup>
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
882<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCatgueithen died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Catguethin obiit.
\nan. an. CCCXL<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
885<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nHywel died in Rome.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Higuel in Roma defunctus est.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
887<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCerball died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Cerball defunctus est.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
889<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nSuibne the wisest of the Irish died.<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Subin Scottorum sapientissimus obiit.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
892<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nHyfaidd dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Himeyd moritur.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
894<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nAnarawd came with the Angles and laid waste Ceredigion and Ystrad Tywi.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CCCCL Anaraut cum Anglis venit vastare Cereticiaun et Strati Tiui.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
895<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe Northmen came and laid waste Lloegr and Bycheiniog and Gwent and Gwynllywiog.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Nordmani venerunt et vastaverunt Loycr et Bricheniauc et Guent et Guinnliguiauc.
\nan. an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
896<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Bread failed in Ireland. Vermin like moles with two teeth fell from the air and ate everything up; they were driven out by fasting and prayer.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Panis in Hibernia defecit. Vermes de aere ceciderunt talpae smiles cum duobus dentibus qui totam comederunt; qui ejecti sunt jejunio et oratione.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
898<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Athelstan king of the Saxons died.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Elstan rex Saxonum obiit.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
900<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nAlfred king of the Gewissi dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Albrit rex Giuoys moritur.
\nan<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
902<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nIgmund came to Mona and took Maes Osfeilion.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Igmunt in insula Mon venit tenuit Maes Osmeliaun<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
903<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Merfyn son of Rhodri died and \u2021 Llywarch son of Hyfaidd dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Merwyn filius Rodri obiit et\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0Loumarch filius Himeid moritur.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
904<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nRhodri \u2021sone of Hyfaidd \u2021 was beheaded in Arwystli.<\/span><\/td>\nan. CCCCLX Rostri\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>filius Heweid\u2020<\/sup>decollatus est in Arguistli.
\nan<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
906<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Dinmeir and Mynyw was broken.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Gueith Dinmeir et Miniu fracta est.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
907<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Bishop \u2021 Gorchywyl dies \u2021 and king Cormac\u2021.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Guorchiguil\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>episcopus\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0moritur et Cormuc rex.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
908<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Bishop \u2021 Asser died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Asser\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>episcopus\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0defunctus est.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
909<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nKing Cadell son of Rhodri dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Catell\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>filius Rodri\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0rex moritur.
\nan. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
913<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nOhter comes \u2021to Britain\u2021.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Otter venit\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>in Britanniam.\u2020<\/sup>
\nan. CCCCLX<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
915<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nAnarawd king \u2021of the Britons\u2021 dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Anaraut rex\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Britonum\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0moritur.
\nan<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
917<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nQueen Aethelflaed died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Aelfled regina obiit.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
919<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nKing Clydog was killed.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Clitauc rex occisus est.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
921<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Dinas Newydd.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Gueith Dinas Neguid.
\nan. an. an.CCCCLXXX an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
928<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nHywel journeyed to Rome. \u2021Helen died.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan. Higuel rex perrexit ad Romam.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Helena obiit.\u2020<\/sup>
\nan. an. an. an. an. an.CCCCXC an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
935<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Gruffydd son of Owain died.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Grifinus filius Oweyn obiit.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
938<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nThe battle of Brune.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Bellum Brune.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
939<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nHyfaidd son of Clydog, and Meurig, died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Himeid filius Clitauc et Mouric moritur.<\/span>.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
941<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nAethelstan \u2021king of the Saxons\u2021 died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Aedelstan\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>rex Saxonum\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0moritur.
\nan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
942<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nKing Afloeg dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Abloye rex moritur.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
943<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCadell son of Arthfael was poisoned. And Idwal \u2021son of Rhodri \u2021 and his son Elisedd are killed by the Saxons.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Catel filius Artmail veneno moritur.
\nEt Iudgual\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>filius Rodri\u2020<\/sup>\u00a0et filius ejus Elized a saxonibus occiduntur.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
944<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nLlunferth bishop in Mynyw died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. D Lunberth episcopus in Miniu obiit.
\nan<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
945<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Bishop Morlais died.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Morleis episcopus obiit.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
946<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nCyngen son of Elisedd was poisoned. And Eneuris bishop in Mynyw died. And strathclyde was laid wasted by the Saxons.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Cincenn filius Elized veneno periit.
\nEt Eneuris episcopus Miniu obiit.
\nEt Strat Clut vastata est a Saxonibus.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
947<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nEdmund king of the Saxons was killed.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Eadmund rex Saxonum jugulatus est.
\nan. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
950<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nHywel king of the Britons \u2021called the Good\u2021 died.<\/span><\/td>\nan. Higuel rex Brittonum\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>scilicet Bonus\u2020<\/sup>obiit.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
951<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nAnd Cadwgan son of Owain is killed by the Saxons.
\nAnd the battle of Carno \u2021between the sons of Hywel and the sons of Idwal\u2021.<\/span><\/td>\n		an. Et Catguocaun filius Ovein a Saxonibus jugulatur.
\nEt bellum Carno\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>inter filios Hoeli et filios Idwal.\u2020<\/sup>
\nan. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
952<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u2021Iago and Idwal the sons of Idwal laid Dyfed waste.\u2021<\/span><\/td>\nan.\u00a0\u2020<\/sup>Iago et Idwal filii Idwal vastaverunt Dewe.\u2020<\/sup><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
954<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\nRhodri son of Hywel dies.<\/span><\/td>\nan. DX Rotri, filius Higuel, moritor.
\nan. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.DXX an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an. an.DXXX an. an. an.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

BOOKS<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n