{"id":3768,"date":"2018-06-30T09:29:39","date_gmt":"2018-06-30T09:29:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/?page_id=3768"},"modified":"2026-06-22T14:46:16","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T14:46:16","slug":"gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/","title":{"rendered":"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs<\/h2>\n<p>Domagk was a chemist who was inspired by the achievements of Paul Ehrlich&#8217;s team. He set out to find dyes that would destroy other infectious microbes within the body. Domagk was very thorough in his work and in 1932 discovered that a dye called prontosil would act against he streptococcus virus. This discovery was then developed by French scientists who found that the drug could also be used against tonsillitis, puerperal fever and scarlet fever. May and Baker, British scientists, discovered that a derivative of the sulfonamide drug could be used against pneumonia.<\/p>\n<p>There were though several disadvantages to this drug. Sulphonamide drugs can damage the kidney, liver and are ineffective against highly virulent microbes.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/shop\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/\">Worksheet: The Fight against Infectious Disease<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/\">Schoolshistory home<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/teaching-resources\/\">History teachers resources<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/timelines-medicine\/\">Medical History Timelines<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/alexander-fleming-and-the-discovery-of-penicillin\/\">Alexander Fleming<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/florey-and-chain-and-the-development-of-penicillin\/\">Florey and Chain develop Penicillin<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/\">Gerhard Domagk and Prontosil<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/edward-jenner\/\">Edward Jenner and the Smallpox Vaccine<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/louis-pasteur\/\">Louis Pasteur and Germ Theory<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/robert-koch\/\">Robert Koch<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/vaccinations\/\">The development of Vaccinations<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/medicine-through-time-teachers-resources\/penicillin-do-medical-advances-happen-more-by-accident-or-design\/\">Was Penicillin an accident?<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/paul-ehrlich\/\">Paul Ehrlich and the Magic Bullet<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/\">Medicine Through time<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/medicine-through-time-teachers-resources\/\">Resources for Medicine Through Time<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/prehistoric-medicine-how-did-stone-age-man-heal\/\">Prehistoric Medicine<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/ancient-egyptian-medicine\/\">Ancient Egyptian Medicine<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/medicine-in-ancient-greece\/\">Ancient Greek Medicine<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/medicine-in-ancient-rome\/\">Medicine in the Roman Empire<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/medieval-medicine-was-it-all-plagues-and-pestilence\/\">Medieval Medicine<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/medicine-during-the-renaissance\/\">Renaissance Medicine<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/public-health-in-the-industrial-revolution\/\">Public Health in the Industrial Revolution<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/\">Fight against infectious disease<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/modern-medicine-c1900-to-the-modern-day\/\">Modern Medicine<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs Domagk was a chemist who was inspired by the achievements of Paul Ehrlich&#8217;s team. He set out to find dyes that would destroy other infectious microbes within the body. Domagk was very thorough in his work and in 1932 discovered that a dye called prontosil would act against he streptococcus virus.&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3759,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":100,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3768","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.9 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore Gerhard Domagk&#039;s quest that led to sulfonamide drugs like prontosil, fighting streptococcus and other infections.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.9\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Schoolshistory.org.uk\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs | Schoolshistory.org.uk\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Explore Gerhard Domagk&#039;s quest that led to sulfonamide drugs like prontosil, fighting streptococcus and other infections.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-06-30T09:29:39+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-22T14:46:16+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/schoolshistory\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"@danmoorhousehistory\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@danmoorhouse\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs | Schoolshistory.org.uk\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Explore Gerhard Domagk&#039;s quest that led to sulfonamide drugs like prontosil, fighting streptococcus and other infections.\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@danmoorhouse\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dan Moorhouse\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"aioseo-schema\">\n\t\t\t{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/fight-against-infectious-disease\\\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\\\/#breadcrumblist\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics#listItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"History of Medicine\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"History of Medicine\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/fight-against-infectious-disease\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Fight against Infectious Disease\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics#listItem\",\"name\":\"Home\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/fight-against-infectious-disease\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Fight against Infectious Disease\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/fight-against-infectious-disease\\\/\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/fight-against-infectious-disease\\\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"History of Medicine\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/fight-against-infectious-disease\\\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\\\/#listItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs\",\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/fight-against-infectious-disease\\\/#listItem\",\"name\":\"Fight against Infectious Disease\"}}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/#person\",\"name\":\"Dan Moorhouse\",\"sameAs\":[\"@danmoorhousehistory\",\"@danmoorhouse\"]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/fight-against-infectious-disease\\\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\\\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/fight-against-infectious-disease\\\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\\\/\",\"name\":\"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs | Schoolshistory.org.uk\",\"description\":\"Explore Gerhard Domagk's quest that led to sulfonamide drugs like prontosil, fighting streptococcus and other infections.\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/#website\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/medicine-through-time\\\/fight-against-infectious-disease\\\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\\\/#breadcrumblist\"},\"datePublished\":\"2018-06-30T09:29:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-22T14:46:16+00:00\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/\",\"name\":\"Schoolshistory.org.uk\",\"description\":\"History resources, stories and news. Author: Dan Moorhouse\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schoolshistory.org.uk\\\/topics\\\/#person\"}}]}\n\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs | Schoolshistory.org.uk","description":"Explore Gerhard Domagk's quest that led to sulfonamide drugs like prontosil, fighting streptococcus and other infections.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics#listItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/#listItem","name":"History of Medicine"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/#listItem","position":2,"name":"History of Medicine","item":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/#listItem","name":"Fight against Infectious Disease"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics#listItem","name":"Home"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/#listItem","position":3,"name":"Fight against Infectious Disease","item":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/#listItem","name":"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/#listItem","name":"History of Medicine"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/#listItem","position":4,"name":"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs","previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/#listItem","name":"Fight against Infectious Disease"}}]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/#person","name":"Dan Moorhouse","sameAs":["@danmoorhousehistory","@danmoorhouse"]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/","name":"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs | Schoolshistory.org.uk","description":"Explore Gerhard Domagk's quest that led to sulfonamide drugs like prontosil, fighting streptococcus and other infections.","inLanguage":"en-GB","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/#breadcrumblist"},"datePublished":"2018-06-30T09:29:39+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-22T14:46:16+00:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/#website","url":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/","name":"Schoolshistory.org.uk","description":"History resources, stories and news. Author: Dan Moorhouse","inLanguage":"en-GB","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/#person"}}]},"og:locale":"en_GB","og:site_name":"Schoolshistory.org.uk","og:type":"article","og:title":"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs | Schoolshistory.org.uk","og:description":"Explore Gerhard Domagk's quest that led to sulfonamide drugs like prontosil, fighting streptococcus and other infections.","og:url":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/","article:published_time":"2018-06-30T09:29:39+00:00","article:modified_time":"2026-06-22T14:46:16+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/schoolshistory\/","article:author":"@danmoorhousehistory","twitter:card":"summary","twitter:site":"@danmoorhouse","twitter:title":"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs | Schoolshistory.org.uk","twitter:description":"Explore Gerhard Domagk's quest that led to sulfonamide drugs like prontosil, fighting streptococcus and other infections.","twitter:creator":"@danmoorhouse","twitter:label1":"Written by","twitter:data1":"Dan Moorhouse","twitter:label2":"Est. reading time","twitter:data2":"1 minute"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"3768","title":null,"description":"Explore Gerhard Domagk's quest that led to sulfonamide drugs like prontosil, fighting streptococcus and other infections.","keywords":null,"keyphrases":{"focus":{"keyphrase":"Domagk","score":88,"analysis":{"keyphraseInTitle":{"score":9,"maxScore":9,"error":0},"keyphraseInDescription":{"score":3,"maxScore":9,"error":1},"keyphraseLength":{"score":9,"maxScore":9,"error":0,"length":1},"keyphraseInURL":{"score":5,"maxScore":5,"error":0},"keyphraseInIntroduction":{"score":9,"maxScore":9,"error":0},"keyphraseInSubHeadings":[],"keyphraseInImageAlt":[],"keywordDensity":{"type":"best","score":9,"maxScore":9,"error":0}}},"additional":[]},"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":"","og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"WebPage","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":"-1","robots_max_videopreview":"-1","robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":"default","local_seo":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"ai":{"faqs":[],"keyPoints":[],"schemas":[],"titles":[],"descriptions":["Explore Gerhard Domagk's quest that led to sulfonamide drugs like prontosil, fighting streptococcus and other infections.","Learn how prontosil sparked sulfonamide medicines, their use against tonsillitis and scarlet fever, and the risks to kidneys and liver.","A concise look at Domagk and prontosil: early sulfonamide drugs, their infection-fighting power, and notable limitations.","Discover how sulfonamide drugs transformed infectious disease treatment, plus drawbacks such as organ damage and reduced virulence.","From Ehrlich-inspired research to prontosil, this overview covers sulfonamide use, successes, and important safety considerations across infections."],"socialPosts":{"email":[],"linkedin":[],"twitter":[],"facebook":[],"instagram":[]}},"created":"2025-01-24 03:42:37","updated":"2026-06-22 15:24:47","seo_analyzer_scan_date":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/\" title=\"History of Medicine\">History of Medicine<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/\" title=\"Fight against Infectious Disease\">Fight against Infectious Disease<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\tGerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics"},{"label":"History of Medicine","link":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/"},{"label":"Fight against Infectious Disease","link":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/"},{"label":"Gerhard Domagk: Sulfonamide drugs","link":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/medicine-through-time\/fight-against-infectious-disease\/gerhard-domagk-sulfonamide-drugs\/"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3768","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3768"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3768\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3759"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}