{"id":2722,"date":"2018-03-28T07:43:47","date_gmt":"2018-03-28T07:43:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/?page_id=2722"},"modified":"2026-04-23T15:57:04","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T15:57:04","slug":"kings-and-queens-of-england","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/kings-and-queens-of-england\/","title":{"rendered":"Kings and Queens of England"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Kings and Queens of England have played a large part in the shaping of the country. For much of England&#8217;s past, the monarch ruled supreme. The relationship of these Kings and Queens with the nobility, the people and other countries led to the wars, alliances and political changes that led to the foundation of a United Kingdom. Our content on English monarchs draws from existing units. It will be expanded to include pre-Norman monarchs and into more recent dynasties.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-2722 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-vi\/cropped-cropped-henry_vi_enthroned_-_british_library_royal_ms_15_e_vi_f405r_detail\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/cropped-cropped-Henry_VI_enthroned_-_British_Library_Royal_MS_15_E_vi_f405r_detail-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"King Henry VI of England. Also Crowned as King of France\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-2689\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/cropped-cropped-Henry_VI_enthroned_-_British_Library_Royal_MS_15_E_vi_f405r_detail-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/cropped-cropped-Henry_VI_enthroned_-_British_Library_Royal_MS_15_E_vi_f405r_detail-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-2689'>\n\t\t\t\tCourt of King Henry VI\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-ii\/eleonora_jindra2\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Eleonora_Jindra2-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Henry II holding court. 12th Century image.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Eleonora_Jindra2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Eleonora_Jindra2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Eleonora_Jindra2-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/edward-i\/gal_nations_edward_i-2\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Gal_nations_edward_i-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Edward I\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Gal_nations_edward_i-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Gal_nations_edward_i-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Gal_nations_edward_i-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/edward-v\/200px-king-edward-v\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/200px-King-edward-v-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Edward V whilst he was Prince of Wales\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/200px-King-edward-v-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/200px-King-edward-v-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/richard-ii\/220px-king_richard_ii_from_npg_2\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/220px-King_Richard_II_from_NPG_2-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"King Richard II\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/220px-King_Richard_II_from_NPG_2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/220px-King_Richard_II_from_NPG_2-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-iv\/800px-king_henry_iv_from_npg_2\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/800px-King_Henry_IV_from_NPG_2-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Henry IV. Source, Wikipedia\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/800px-King_Henry_IV_from_NPG_2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/800px-King_Henry_IV_from_NPG_2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/800px-King_Henry_IV_from_NPG_2-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/king-stephen\/stephen_crowned\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/stephen_crowned-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Coronation of King Stephen\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/stephen_crowned-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/stephen_crowned-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/edward-ii\/edward-ii-2\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/edward-ii-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Edward II\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/edward-ii-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/edward-ii-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/edward-ii-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/king-edward-vi\/170px-edward_vi_aged_6\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/170px-Edward_VI_aged_6-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"King Edward VI, aged 6\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/170px-Edward_VI_aged_6-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/170px-Edward_VI_aged_6-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/170px-Edward_VI_aged_6.jpg 170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/claimants-throne-1066\/hardrada\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/hardrada-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Norweigan coin from the reign of Harald Hardrada\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/hardrada-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/hardrada-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/queen-elizabeth-i\/elizabeth-i\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/elizabeth-I-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Queen Elizabeth I\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/elizabeth-I-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/elizabeth-I-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/king-henry-viii\/1491_henry_viii\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/1491_Henry_VIII-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Henry VIII aged 31\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/1491_Henry_VIII-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/1491_Henry_VIII-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/claimants-throne-1066\/william-normandy\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/william-normandy-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"William of Normandy, Claimant to the throne in 1066\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/william-normandy-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/william-normandy-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/edward-iv\/edward_iv\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/edward_iv-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Edward IV\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/edward_iv-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/edward_iv-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/claimants-throne-1066\/harold_godwinson\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Harold_Godwinson-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"13th Century image of Harold Godwinson, Claimant to the Throne, being crowned King of England in early 1066\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Harold_Godwinson-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Harold_Godwinson-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/Harold_Godwinson-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/2000px-royal_arms_of_england-svg\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/2000px-Royal_Arms_of_England.svg_-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Plantagenet Coat of Arms\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/2000px-Royal_Arms_of_England.svg_-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/2000px-Royal_Arms_of_England.svg_-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/2000px-Royal_Arms_of_England.svg_-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-v\/henry_v_halfpenny\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Henry_V_Halfpenny-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Henry V Halfpenny\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Henry_V_Halfpenny-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Henry_V_Halfpenny-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Henry_V_Halfpenny-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/elizabethan-era\/england-1558-society-government\/elizabethan_procession\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/elizabethan_procession-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Procession in Elizabethan England\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/elizabethan_procession-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/elizabethan_procession-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/elizabethan_procession-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/king-john\/170px-john_of_england_john_lackland\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/170px-John_of_England_John_Lackland-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"King John\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/170px-John_of_England_John_Lackland-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/170px-John_of_England_John_Lackland-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/battle-of-hastings\/harold-hastings-death-bayeux\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/harold-hastings-death-bayeux-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Harold&#039;s death as depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-2376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/harold-hastings-death-bayeux-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/harold-hastings-death-bayeux-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-2376'>\n\t\t\t\tTeaching Resources on the Norman Conquest\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/richard-i\/1200px-church_of_fontevraud_abbey_richard_i_effigy\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/1200px-Church_of_Fontevraud_Abbey_Richard_I_effigy-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Effigy of Richard I\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/1200px-Church_of_Fontevraud_Abbey_Richard_I_effigy-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/1200px-Church_of_Fontevraud_Abbey_Richard_I_effigy-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/1200px-Church_of_Fontevraud_Abbey_Richard_I_effigy-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/king-henry-vii\/king_henry_vii\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/king_henry_vii-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"King Henry VII\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-1176\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/king_henry_vii-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/king_henry_vii-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-1176'>\n\t\t\t\tHenry Tudor became King Henry VII following his defeat of Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth.\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/elizabethan-era\/elizabeth_1_coronation\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/elizabeth_1_coronation-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Queen Elizabeth I in her Coronation Robes\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/elizabeth_1_coronation-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/elizabeth_1_coronation-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/640px-an_allegory_of_the_tudor_succession-_the_family_of_henry_viii_-_google_art_project\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/640px-An_Allegory_of_the_Tudor_Succession-_The_Family_of_Henry_VIII_-_Google_Art_Project-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Tudor Dynasty\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/640px-An_Allegory_of_the_Tudor_Succession-_The_Family_of_Henry_VIII_-_Google_Art_Project-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/640px-An_Allegory_of_the_Tudor_Succession-_The_Family_of_Henry_VIII_-_Google_Art_Project-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/640px-An_Allegory_of_the_Tudor_Succession-_The_Family_of_Henry_VIII_-_Google_Art_Project-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<h4>Norman Kings and Queens<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/william-the-conqueror\/\">William the Conqueror<\/a>. 1066-1087.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/william-rufus-king-england\/\">William II (Known as Rufus)<\/a> 1087-1100<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/king-henry-i\/\">Henry I<\/a> 1100-1135<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/king-stephen\/\">Stephen<\/a> 1135-1154<\/p>\n<p>Kingship in the Norman era was much disputed. <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/william-the-conqueror\/\">William the Conqueror&#8217;s<\/a> eldest son, Robert, did not inherit the crown of England. Instead, it was given to <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/william-rufus-king-england\/\">William Rufus<\/a>. This led to conflict between the brothers over the English crown and control of the Duchy of Normandy. When Rufus was killed whilst hunting, <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/king-henry-i\/\">Henry<\/a>, another of the Conqueror&#8217;s sons, took the crown quickly. Again, Robert contested this. <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/king-henry-i\/\">Henry<\/a> attempted to create a clear line of succession. He nominated his son as heir. However his son predeceased him. Henry then nominated his daughter, Matilda, as his heir. Upon Henry&#8217;s death, the crown was taken by <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/normans\/king-stephen\/\">Stephen<\/a>, a grandson of the Conqueror. This also resulted in war, in a period known as the Anarchy. This ultimately led to the recognition of <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-ii\/\">Henry Plantagenet<\/a>, Matilda&#8217;s son, as the heir. From this point onwards inheritance of the crown through primogeniture became more common, though not always adhered to.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2689\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/cropped-cropped-Henry_VI_enthroned_-_British_Library_Royal_MS_15_E_vi_f405r_detail-300x109.jpg\" alt=\"King Henry VI of England. Also Crowned as King of France\" width=\"300\" height=\"109\" srcset=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/cropped-cropped-Henry_VI_enthroned_-_British_Library_Royal_MS_15_E_vi_f405r_detail-300x109.jpg 300w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/cropped-cropped-Henry_VI_enthroned_-_British_Library_Royal_MS_15_E_vi_f405r_detail-600x219.jpg 600w, https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/cropped-cropped-Henry_VI_enthroned_-_British_Library_Royal_MS_15_E_vi_f405r_detail.jpg 749w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>Plantagenet Kings and Queens<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-ii\/\">Henry II<\/a> 1154-1189<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/richard-i\/\">Richard I<\/a> 1189-1199<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/king-john\/\">John<\/a> 1199-1216<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-iii\/\">Henry III<\/a> 1216-1272<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/edward-i\/\">Edward I<\/a> 1272-1307<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/edward-ii\/\">Edward II<\/a> 1307-1327<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/edward-iii\/\">Edward III<\/a> 1327-1377<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/richard-ii\/\">Richard II<\/a> 1377-1399<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-iv\/\">Henry IV<\/a> 1399-1413<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-v\/\">Henry V<\/a> 1413-1422<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-vi\/\">Henry VI<\/a> 1422-1461<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/edward-iv\/\">Edward IV<\/a> 1461-1470<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-vi\/\">Henry VI<\/a> 1470-1471<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/edward-iv\/\">Edward IV<\/a> 1471-1483<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/edward-v\/\">Edward V<\/a> 1483<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/richard-iii\/\">Richard III<\/a> 1483-1485<\/p>\n<p>The Plantagenet Dynasty in various guises ruled England for longer than any other to date. Succession was largely through the line of male primogeniture in the earlier years of the line. This changed with the usurping of <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/richard-ii\/\">Richard II<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-iv\/\">Henry IV<\/a> acceding to the throne. In later years this would have consequences as legitimacy to be King became an issue in the War of the Roses. The War of the Roses broke out during the reign of <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/henry-vi\/\">Henry VI<\/a>. His rule was one in which factions dominated court and their fortunes changed quite often. It led to the outbreak of conflict between the two main lines of the Plantagenet family: the Houses of Lancaster and York. The conflict saw the &#8216;Princes in the Tower&#8217; vanish without trace. <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/plantagenets\/richard-iii\/\">Richard III<\/a> was killed in battle at Bosworth Field. He was succeeded by the victor on that day, <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/king-henry-vii\/\">Henry Tudor<\/a>, who claimed legitimacy through his mothers line.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1840\" src=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/elizabeth_1_coronation.jpg\" alt=\"Queen Elizabeth I in her Coronation Robes\" width=\"220\" height=\"295\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>Tudor Kings and Queens<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/king-henry-vii\/\">Henry VII<\/a> 1485-1509<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/king-henry-viii\/\">Henry VIII<\/a> 1509-1547<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/king-edward-vi\/\">Edward VI<\/a> 1547-1553<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/mary\/\">Mary<\/a> 1553-1558<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/elizabethan-era\/\">Elizabeth<\/a> 1558-1603.<\/p>\n<p>The Tudor era was a tumultuous period in English history. It was the time of the Reformation and Renaissance. England also saw upheaval as a result of <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/king-henry-viii\/\">Henry VIII&#8217;s<\/a> break with the church in Rome, remarriages and struggles to produce an heir. This famously saw Henry have 6 wives and contributed to the Dissolution of the Monasteries. His heir, <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/king-edward-vi\/\">Edward VI<\/a>, was young. His reign was short but saw the beginnings of a Protestant state emerge. The subsequent accession of his sister, <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/tudors\/mary\/\">Mary<\/a>, an ardent Catholic, saw a period of counter reformation. Throughout the reigns of both, and into that of Elizabeth, religious issues dominated domestic policies. <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/elizabethan-era\/\">Elizabeth&#8217;s reign<\/a> attempted to deal with this through a <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/elizabethan-era\/elizabethan-settlement\/\">Religious Settlement<\/a>. The Elizabethan era saw these issues manifest themselves through plots relating to <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/elizabethan-era\/mary-queen-scots\/\">Mary, Queen of Scots<\/a>. There followed the <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/elizabethan-era\/spanish-armada\/\">Spanish Armada<\/a>. Succession remained an issue throughout the Tudor period. <a href=\"https:\/\/schoolshistory.org.uk\/topics\/british-history\/elizabethan-era\/\">Elizabeth<\/a> died childless. Her next of kin was James Stuart, son of Mary, Queen of Scots.<\/p>\n<h4>The Stuarts as Kings and Queens of England<\/h4>\n<p>James I 1603-1625<\/p>\n<p>Charles I 1625-1649<\/p>\n<p><em>Interrengum<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Charles II 1660-1685<\/p>\n<p>James II 1685-1689<\/p>\n<p>William III and Mary 1689-1694<\/p>\n<p>William III 1694-1702 (Sole rule after Mary&#8217;s death)<\/p>\n<p>Anne 1702-1714<\/p>\n<p>The House of Stuart&#8217;s rule lay either side of England&#8217;s only period of history when the government was a Republic. The Rights of Kings and Parliament was a politically charged issue for the early Stuart monarchs. It led to the outbreak of war. Charles I was defeated. Parliament put him on trial, found him guilty of crimes against his own country and executed him. A period known as Interregnum followed. A Republic, headed by Oliver Cromwell. The house of Stuart was restored 1660. Charles II is remembered as being the Merry Monarch, despite his reign including the Great Plague of 1665 and the Great Fire of London. He was followed by James II. James was overthrown in 1688 in the Glorious Revolution.<\/p>\n<h4>The House of Hanover<\/h4>\n<p>George I 1714-1727<\/p>\n<p>George II 1727-1760<\/p>\n<p>George III 1760-1820<\/p>\n<p>George IV 1820-1830<\/p>\n<p>William IV 1830-1837<\/p>\n<p>Victoria 1837-1901<\/p>\n<p>The early period of the House of Hanover&#8217;s rule saw a Jacobin rebellion. George I had become king as he was the closest living male protestant relation of Queen Anne. Had there not been a bar on Catholics being able to take the crown, he would have been 50th in line. The Jacobins supported the claim of those descending from James II. The last battles fought on English and British soil took part during these conflicts. The Georgian era, as it is also known, saw the rise of Parliament as we know it today. Politicians grew in prominence. England prospered. Acts of Union created Great Britain. The colonies became an empire. Trade prospered due to the Industrial Revolution.<\/p>\n<h4>House of Saxe-Coburg<\/h4>\n<p>Edward VII 1901-1910<\/p>\n<h4>House of Windsor<\/h4>\n<p><em><strong>Note:<\/strong> <\/em>The house of Windsor derives from the House of Saxe-Coburg. The family name was changed by Royal Proclamation on 17th July 1917.<\/p>\n<p>George V 1910-1936<\/p>\n<p>Edward VIII 1936<\/p>\n<p>George VI 1936-1952<\/p>\n<p>Elizabeth II 1952-<\/p>\n<p>The House of Saxe-Coburg replaced the House of Hanover due simply to Queen Victoria&#8217;s husband, Prince Albert, being from the Saxe-Coburg family. Their son, Edward, inherited his fathers family titles as well as the crown. The family name was changed by Royal Proclamation to Windsor in 1917. This was a response to the war with Germany and the German origins of the Saxe-Coburg name, lands and titles. In 1936 the family experienced a crisis when Edward chose to marry Wallis Simpson. Simpson was in her second marriage, already divorced once, when she met Edward. The prospect of Edward marrying someone who was twice divorced and whom had both ex-husbands alive and well was too much for many of the establishment to take. Edward abdicated to marry her. George VI, his brother, acceded. The Royal Family remained in Royal palaces for most of the Second World War. This endeared them to the people, particularly those in London. George passed away in 1952. His daughter became Elizabeth II. Her reign is the longest of any English monarch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kings and Queens of England have played a large part in the shaping of the country. For much of England&#8217;s past, the monarch ruled supreme. The relationship of these Kings and Queens with the nobility, the people and other countries led to the wars, alliances and political changes that led to the foundation of a&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2671,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":100,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2722","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the evolution of English kings and queens, their conflicts, alliances, and influence from William the Conqueror to 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